What Is a Bookie?
You might know the term 'bookie' as slang for 'bookmaker.' I'm here to break it down for you: a bookie is someone who facilitates gambling, usually on sports events. They set the odds, accept and place bets, and handle paying out winnings for others.
Key Takeaways
Remember, 'bookie' is just slang for bookmaker. These folks place bets for customers, mainly on sports. They set the odds and pay out winnings on behalf of bettors. Their main goal is to keep the books balanced by tweaking odds so there's an even split of bets on wins or losses.
Understanding Bookies
Bookies don't typically bet their own money to earn; instead, they charge a fee on bets called the 'vigorish' or 'vig.' They might also lend money to bettors. This can be an individual or a whole organization running the show.
The word 'bookie' often brings up images of illegal dealings, but with sports betting expanding, being a bookmaker is now a legit job in many places. That said, bookmaking and betting through one can still be against the law, depending on state rules.
It's important to note that in 2018, the Supreme Court allowed states to legalize sports betting. This was a big deal, letting bookies operate legally and make solid money without breaking laws.
History of Bookies and Sports Betting
For most of the 20th and early 21st centuries, full sports betting was only legal in Nevada in the US, with limited forms in Delaware, Montana, and Oregon. This created a black market elsewhere, where illegal bookies stepped in. Some tied to organized crime, others just handling bets for friends or colleagues.
Then, in 2018, the Supreme Court overturned the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act, a federal law that had blocked states from legalizing sports betting on their own. This opened the floodgates for states to allow it if they chose.
Since then, many states have legalized it, leading to record revenues. In 2023, combined gambling revenue hit $66.65 billion, up 10% from the year before, marking three straight record years.
Just to give you context, the American Gaming Association estimated Americans wagered $63.8 billion illegally on sports in 2021.
Bookies and Setting the Odds
A key way bookies ensure profits is by calculating odds carefully. They often use teams of statisticians and complex models. Terms like 'lines' (money lines) and 'spreads' (point spreads) are essential here, sometimes based on casino risk calculations.
These odds highlight which team the bookie thinks will win. They adjust lines and spreads before the event based on bets in their books and Vegas fluctuations. Things like bad weather, injuries, or scandals can shift odds too.
The aim is to balance the books by adjusting odds for even betting on both sides. If balanced, the bookie just pockets the vig. But if bets lean one way, they risk losing money.
Gambling Help Tip
If you or someone you know struggles with gambling, call the National Problem Gambling Helpline at 1-800-522-4700, or chat at NCPGambling.org/Chat.
Is Being a Bookie Illegal in the US?
Not always. The 2018 Supreme Court decision let states legalize sports betting. About 38 states have done so, meaning bookies don't have to operate illegally there anymore.
But not all are law-abiding. Betting remains illegal in some states, and some bookies prefer underground operations to dodge taxes and hurdles.
How Do Bookies Make Money?
They charge a fee per bet, the vig, and pay out on wins. Their goal is to have more money coming in than going out, achieved by balancing odds for even bets on outcomes.
How Much Is a Bookie Fee?
The vig is usually around 10%, but it can climb higher for big events like the Super Bowl.
The Bottom Line
The 2018 Supreme Court ruling struck down the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act, sparking rapid growth in US sports betting—even companies like Walt Disney are involved. Being a bookie isn't inherently illegal anymore, but it can be in certain situations.
If you're considering becoming one, study the job's demands first. It requires many skills, and losing money is a real risk.
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